Canonical books used in the English Protestant Bible have had a variety of naming conventions in the past 500 years. Notably, many anglicized prophets’ names, once in common use, have been dropped. Many Old Testament given names were borrowed from Hebrew into Greek, then Latin, then English, dropping Latin suffixes along the way: if one Judas can become Jude, why not let Jeremias become Jeremy, Zacharias Zachary, and Titus Tite? Such thoroughly anglicized names were later reversed by Bible translators, but some, like Jude, stuck for some reason.

Hebrew   Greek      Latin      Middle Eng.  Modern Eng.
Yirmyá → Ieremíās → Jērĕmīas → Jeremy     → Jeremiah

Newer forms like Jeremiah are attempts to reflect the Hebrew better. This iterative linguistic process has masked shared names between certain biblical characters.

• Old Testament Joshua = New Testament Jesus
• Old Testament Jacob = New Testament James
• Old Testament Miriam = New Testament Mary
• Old Testament Simeon = New Testament Simon
• New Testament Jude = Judas (thus the use of surnames)

Below I’ve created a list of useful and interesting variants for Bible book names, mostly from Wycliffe Bible (1382), Coverdale Bible (1535), and the Geneva Bible (1599 edition). I’m only listing here names that I’ve seen in printed English Bibles and commentaries (viz., most Hebrew and Greek names were not widely used). Many of these were noted while reading old commentaries; in some cases, biblical names were unrecognizable to me. (Osee? Abdy? Threni? These are Bible books?)

1. Genesis
2. Exodus
3. Leviticus
4. Numbers or Nombers: Numerus or Numeri (Latin)
5. Deuteronomy: Deuteronomion (Greek), Deuteronomio (Latin), Deuteronomie (English)
6. Joshua: Josue (Latin), Josua
7. Judges: Judicum (Latin)
8. Ruth
9. 1 Samuel: 1 Regum (Latin), 1 Kyngis (Middle English), 1 Kings (English)
10. 2 Samuel: 2 Regum (Latin), 2 Kyngis (Middle English), 2 Kings (English)
11. 1 Kings: 3 Regum (Latin), 3 Kyngis (Middle English), 3 Kings (English)
12. 2 Kings: 4 Regum (Latin), 4 Kyngis (Middle English), 4 Kings (English)
13. 1 Chronicles: 1 Paralipomenon (Greek)
14. 2 Chronicles: 2 Paralipomenon (Greek)
15. Ezra: 1 Esdras (Greek), 1 Esdre
16. Nehemiah: 2 Esdras (Greek), 2 Esdre
17. Esther or Ester: Hester (Latin)
18. Job
19. Psalms: Psalterium (Latin), Sauter (Middle English), The Psalter (English)
20. Proverbs: Proverbia (Latin)
21. Ecclesiastes: The Preacher
22. Song of Solomon or The Song of Salomon, The Canticle, Canticle of Canticles, Song of Songs, Solomon’s Song, rarely Solomons Balettes or Solomons Ballads, The Ballet of Ballettes of Solomon
23. Isaiah or Esaiah: Isaias (Latin), Isaye or Esay or Esaie
24. Jeremiah: Jeremias (Latin), Jeremie or Jeremye or Jeremy
25. Lamentations or Lamentacions: Threnos (Greek), Threni or Treni (Latin)
26. Ezekiel or Ezechiel
27. Daniel
28. Hosea: Oseas (Latin), Osee (English)
29. Joel
30. Amos
31. Obadiah: Abdias (Latin), Abdy (English)
32. Jonah: Jonas or Ionas (Latin)
33. Micah or Mycha: Micheas (Latin)
34. Nahum: Naum (Latin)
35. Habakkuk: Abacuc (Latin), Abacuk
36. Zephaniah: Sophonias (Latin)
37. Haggai: Aggeus (Latin), Aggey or Aggi (English)
38. Zechariah: Zacharias (Latin), Zachary (English)
39. Malachi or Malaky: Malachias (Latin), Malachy or Malache (English)
40. Matthew or Mathew or Matheu or Matthewe
41. Mark or Marke
42. Luke
43. John or Jhon or Joon
44. Acts: The Actes or The Acts
45. Romans or Romaynes
46. 1 Corinthians
47. 2 Corinthians
48. Galatians or Galathians
49. Ephesians
50. Philippians
51. Colossians or Collossians
52. 1 Thessalonians or 1 Tessalonians
53. 2 Thessalonians or 2 Tessalonians
54. 1 Timothy or 1 Timotheus (Latin)
55. 2 Timothy or 2 Timotheus (Latin)
56. Titus or Tytus, Tyte (Middle English)
57. Philemon
58. Hebrews or Hebrewes or Ebrews or Hebrues
59. James
60. 1 Peter or 2 Petre
61. 2 Peter or 1 Petre
62. 1 John or 1 Jhon or 1 Joon
63. 2 John or 2 Jhon or 2 Joon
64. 3 John or 3 Jhon or 3 Joon
65. Jude: Judas (Latin)
66. Revelation: Apocalips or Apocalypse (Greek)